[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.oktop.cz\/dejiny-univerzitniho-vzdelavani\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.oktop.cz\/dejiny-univerzitniho-vzdelavani\/","headline":"D\u011bjiny univerzitn\u00edho vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed","name":"D\u011bjiny univerzitn\u00edho vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed","description":"Dnes univerzitn\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159edstavuje standard. Vysoko\u0161kolsky vzd\u011blan\u00fdch lid\u00ed p\u0159ib\u00fdv\u00e1 a nikdo nep\u00e1tr\u00e1 po tom, kde se vlastn\u011b nach\u00e1zej\u00ed po\u010d\u00e1tky univerzitn\u00ed vzd\u011blanosti. Historie univerzit sah\u00e1 do st\u0159edov\u011bku. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b jejich p\u0159edch\u016fdce mus\u00edme hledat mnohem d\u0159\u00edve. \u00a0Univerzity navazuj\u00ed na dva typy \u0161kol na tradici antick\u00fdch \u0161kol, kter\u00fdmi byly akademie, lycea a r\u00e9torick\u00e9 \u0161koly na tradici n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch \u0161kol. D\u0159\u00edve […]","datePublished":"2026-02-28","dateModified":"2026-02-28","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.oktop.cz\/author\/#Person","name":"","url":"https:\/\/www.oktop.cz\/author\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1aa4d33840e2afc29128e2a456d425ca0d17b173c888af2db652b1d34fe6f93d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/1aa4d33840e2afc29128e2a456d425ca0d17b173c888af2db652b1d34fe6f93d?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"oktop.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"url":"https:\/\/www.oktop.cz\/dejiny-univerzitniho-vzdelavani\/","wordCount":395,"articleBody":"\tDnes univerzitn\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159edstavuje standard. Vysoko\u0161kolsky vzd\u011blan\u00fdch lid\u00ed p\u0159ib\u00fdv\u00e1 a nikdo nep\u00e1tr\u00e1 po tom, kde se vlastn\u011b nach\u00e1zej\u00ed po\u010d\u00e1tky univerzitn\u00ed vzd\u011blanosti.\tHistorie univerzit sah\u00e1 do st\u0159edov\u011bku. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b jejich p\u0159edch\u016fdce mus\u00edme hledat mnohem d\u0159\u00edve.\t\u00a0Univerzity navazuj\u00ed na dva typy \u0161kol\t\tna tradici antick\u00fdch \u0161kol, kter\u00fdmi byly akademie, lycea a r\u00e9torick\u00e9 \u0161koly\t\tna tradici n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch \u0161kol. D\u0159\u00edve ve\u0161ker\u00e9 vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed prob\u00edhalo v r\u00e1mci n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch \u0161kol nap\u0159\u00ed\u010d v\u0161emi n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00edmi. V k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9 Evrop\u011b to byly p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm biskupsk\u00e9 a kl\u00e1\u0161tern\u00ed \u0161koly, v isl\u00e1msk\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b pak madrasy a v \u017eidovsk\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b to byly je\u0161ivy.Prvn\u00ed univerzita vznikla v Byzantsk\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161i ji\u017e v 9. stolet\u00ed v Ca\u0159ihradu, kter\u00e1 ov\u0161em fungovala jen kr\u00e1tce.\u00a0\tNejstar\u0161\u00ed univerzity EvropyZa opravdu prvn\u00ed univerzitu v Evrop\u011b proto pova\u017eujeme univerzitu v Bologni, kter\u00e1 byla zalo\u017eena v roce 1088. V It\u00e1lii vznik\u00e1 velk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed dal\u0161\u00edch univerzit. Je to spojeno pr\u00e1v\u011b se \u0161kolami, kter\u00e9 v It\u00e1lii fungovali ji\u017e od dob starov\u011bk\u00e9ho \u0158\u00edma a vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed tam tedy m\u011blo podstatn\u011b del\u0161\u00ed a hlub\u0161\u00ed tradici ne\u017e kdekoli jinde.Dal\u0161\u00ed univerzita vznikla v Pa\u0159\u00ed\u017ei v roce 1150. N\u00e1sledovala \u0161kola v Oxfordu a v Cambridgi. V \u010cesk\u00e9 republice se stala prvn\u00ed univerzitou Univerzita Karlova, kter\u00e1 vznikla v roce 1348. Univerzity podl\u00e9haly p\u0159\u00edmo panovn\u00edkovi, a proto m\u011bly \u0159adu v\u00fdsad.Ve st\u0159edov\u011bku byly univerzity v\u00fdrazem univerz\u00e1ln\u00edho k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9ho spole\u010denstv\u00ed. Ve stolet\u00ed 16. se vznikem n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 reformace se za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00eduniverzity d\u011blit na protestantsk\u00e9 a katolick\u00e9.V 18. a 19. stolet\u00ed n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed p\u0159est\u00e1v\u00e1 b\u00fdt dominantn\u00edm prvkem na univerzit\u00e1ch. Univerzitn\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed je n\u00e1hle vy\u017eadov\u00e1no nap\u0159\u00edklad na \u00fa\u0159adech. S rozvojem v\u011bdy ve stolet\u00ed 19. a 20. doch\u00e1z\u00ed samoz\u0159ejm\u011b tak\u00e9 krozvoji univerzit. Vznik\u00e1 cel\u00e1 \u0159ada nov\u00fdch fakult.Ve stolet\u00ed 21. p\u0159est\u00e1v\u00e1 b\u00fdt univerzitn\u00ed vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed elitn\u00ed z\u00e1le\u017eitost\u00ed. Na lidi jsou toti\u017e kladeny st\u00e1le vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed profesn\u00ed po\u017eadavky a vysoko\u0161kolsk\u00e9 vzd\u011bl\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159edstavuje tedy b\u011b\u017en\u00fd zp\u016fsob vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"D\u011bjiny univerzitn\u00edho vzd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed","item":"https:\/\/www.oktop.cz\/dejiny-univerzitniho-vzdelavani\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]